sparrow, wrote:Alrighty, here's a project (somewhat I guess) for Dakotak...
I know you own goldfish and I've seen how much care you give them... It makes me all fuzzy feeling. Sadly, I don't think Merlin will make it past the summer, his time is nearing it's end. He's amazingly nearly seven years old, I think he's one of the oldest living betas ever, and while he looks pretty good as far as health, I don't know if he'll make it to his seventh birthday (Which is on April 20th.) so I've decided to start gathering what I need for my next tank so I have it all ready to go. Dakotak, I know you're good with goldies and I was curious if you could compile a list of the best things to have. Right now the tank's a standard 10G but if absolutely needed, I'm sure I could get a 20G... Anything from plants, to Gravel, to Decor, to food. Also, when I do get my goldies, how many should I get for just a 10G tank? I'm sure I could look up everything, but I want everything to be perfect, and I think it's better to ask someone that I know takes good care of their fishees ^_^
Thank you for the compliment about caring for my goldies. <3 Also kudos for asking for answers before getting one.
INCOMING WALL OF TEXT!!
Depends on what kind of goldfish you want to get. Double tails(also called fancy goldfish, rancu's,oranda's,lionhead's ect) need a 20 gallon for one and 10 gallons for everyone you add after that. A 10 gallon is ok for a temporary(like a hospital tank) but like nemo said they will grow and get big. Single tails(comets,commons and shubukins) need 55 gallons for 1 then add 20g for everyone you add after that. In my opinion its best to keep them in a pond. So if you are limited on space go for fancies.
Single tails should not go with fancies. The single tails are faster and you will have competition for food and the fancies will lose. Also bubble eyes, telescopes and celestial eyed goldfish should only be kept with each other. These guys are easily inured near the eyes. Sometimes other goldfish may try to eat their eyes or you can siphon them out accidentally. I have seen cases of both and its no fun to deal with. They need covers over the intakes(that is mainly for the bubble eye since their bubble can get sucked up the intake) with no decor and either sand as substrate or no substrate. The bubble eyes and celestial eyes spend a lot of time near the bottom since their eyes face up and sharp rocks can cause irritation.
Goldfish are poop machines being related to carp. For filtration you should have a filter double the size of the tank (40 gallon filter for a 20 gallon tank) with a GPH(gallon per hour) of 10 times the size of the tank( 20 gallons need 200 GPH).
As for decor nothing sharp and nothing they can swim in and get stuck inside. For goldfish I don't really like decor since they are so clumsy they can hurt themselves really easily but if you must go with decor it needs to be smooth and one solid piece. Many goldfish keepers use big rocks and/or wood to help decorate the tank. For rocks get big and smooth for wood make sure they cant get stuck or poked. I myself just use plants, big river rocks and bubbles for decor.
Plants will more than likely get eaten, plants are really just a trial and error process. Anubis, java fern and amazon sword are the least likely to get eaten. Get a plant you know you can care for and try it. If it gets eaten its ok. Goldfish love their greens and its good for them.
Goldfish need lots of oxygen. Get a nice big bubble wall or a few air stone discs (or both in my case) and that will help a lot. They will even swim through the bubbles, its really cute.
For substrate there are many options. Sand is good but can ruin your impeller if it gets inside of your filter. Gravel lets them forage but they can swallow or choke on it if too big, so get very fine gravel. Bare bottom with a few rocks is best in my opinion. So much easier to clean poop up and any left over food. But any plants you want will have to be kept in vases or free floating.
Diet is also important. There are flakes,sinking pellets,floating pellets, gel food and veggies.
Flakes are not good at all. When fed they float and when they go to eat it they get air inside their stomach and will cause them to float, It is also said to cause swim bladder issues. Also when flakes are added to the water what little nutritional value is said to leach into water.
Floating pellets are a bit better but can still cause issues. While they can have better nutritional value they still float, allowing the fish to gulp air.
Sinking pellets are great. Its best to soak them before feeding them to allow any air to escape so no air gets inside their belies.
Gel food is good as well, though a bit stinky you can make it yourself so you know what is actually going in their tummies. You can also buy gel food that is already made but in power form. Their are recipes online for you to follow too.
Veggies are awesome and a must. Spinach,lettuce,peas,carrots along with other veggies should be either boiled,steamed, or nuked in the microwave with water from the tank until soft enough for them to chew then cooled for a bit(dont add the water back in). The shells should be removed from the peas and also remove the little stem inside and cut up if necessary. You should starve them for a day or two per week then add peas to keep their digestive track clear and healthy. A constipated fish is not fun.

Only feed one pea per fish and cut it up if necessary.
Make sure all food is salt free.
Brine shrimp and frozen food is a good treat too!! Also algae wafers make a good treat.
Garlic can be added to gel food, crushed up and added to the tank or soak pellets in garlic powder.
Here are some good brands:
Pro gold. (pellets) Only available here:
http://goldfishconnection.com/shop/details.php?productId=2&catId=1 (I feed this and love it)
Omega one (pellets and flakes I think)
http://www.petsmart.com/product/index.jsp?productId=11147289 (I feed this but be careful to make sure it soaks well)
Saki Hikari(pellets)
http://www.hikari.info/gold/index.html (also at most petstores)
Repashy Soilent Green (gel food)
http://tastyworms.com/repashy-soilent-green-aufwuchs-gel-fish-food.html (I plan on feeding this soon)
Note* Tasty worms .com has other excellent foods for goldfish, like the meat pie and they have floating Hikari pellets.
Here are a list of gel food recipes.
http://www.kokosgoldfish.invisionzone.com/forum/index.php?/topic/97760-share-your-gel-food-recipes-for-floaters/Also I felt I needed to add this, look at their poo!! Thick, short with no bubbles means they are healthy inside. If you see any bubbles you should give them peas for possible constipation and if you see stringy,white poo it means they might have parasites or something is wrong. Also white,zig zag with bubbles is supposed to mean a female reabsorbed eggs. I'm still doing research into that to make sure its true though.
That is it off the top of my head for now.
Like nemo said, they are a lot of work and all of the equipment can be pricy but they are totally worth it. Its very rewarding to get one at only an inch big then watching it grow into a big beautiful fish. They can live up to 20 years so if taken care of correctly and with a good genetic blood line you will have them for while.
Thank you nemo for letting me reply. That was very considerate of you.
If I missed anything feel free to say it guys. ^^
Thanks jelly for pointing out stuff I needed to add.
My fingers hurt. XD